How to Avoid Being a Victim of Land Grabbing (Omo Onile) Issues in Nigeria

Purchasing land in Nigeria can be an exciting milestone, but it also comes with challenges—one of the most notorious being "Omo Onile" issues. Omo Onile, loosely translated as "landowners," refers to individuals (or groups) who claim ancestral ownership of land and often engage in dubious practices such as double sales, extortion, or outright land grabbing. If you're planning to acquire land, here’s how you can avoid falling victim to these problems.

1. Understand the Legal Framework

Before purchasing any property, familiarize yourself with the land laws in Nigeria, such as the Land Use Act of 1978. In Nigeria, all land is ultimately owned by the government, which grants rights to individuals through certificates such as:

• Certificate of Occupancy (C of O)

• Governor’s Consent

• Deed of Assignment

Understanding these terms and their legal implications can help you navigate the land acquisition process.

2. Conduct Proper Land Searches

A comprehensive land search is crucial. It involves verifying the status of the land at the relevant government registry to ensure:

• The land has no pending disputes or legal encumbrances.

• The seller is the rightful owner.

• The land isn't designated as government land, under acquisition, or meant for public use.

Hiring a lawyer or professional surveyor to conduct this search can save you from costly mistakes.

3. Insist on a Survey Plan

Request a copy of the survey plan for the land you intend to purchase. A survey plan is a technical document showing the boundaries, size, and coordinates of the land. Have it authenticated by the Surveyor General’s Office to ensure the land matches the description provided and is free from government acquisition.

4. Engage a Competent Lawyer

Avoid handling the transaction alone. A lawyer specializing in property law will:

• Draft and review all legal documents, including the Deed of Assignment.

• Ensure compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.

• Act as your representative in disputes or negotiations with Omo Onile groups.

Hiring a lawyer reduces the chances of falling into legal traps.

5. Be Wary of “Family Land”

Family land, commonly sold by Omo Onile, often has multiple claimants. Even if one member sells the land to you, another may challenge the sale later. To avoid this:

• Confirm that all family members have given consent for the sale.

• Request a written and signed agreement from all relevant parties.

6. Avoid Cash Transactions

Always make payments through traceable methods, such as bank transfers, and keep all receipts or evidence of payment. This provides proof in case of future disputes.

7. Obtain All Necessary Documents

Ensure you receive the following documents after purchasing land:

• Receipt of payment

• Deed of Assignment

• Survey plan

• Certificate of Occupancy (if available)

Also, file for Governor’s Consent to further validate your ownership in compliance with the Land Use Act.

8. Be Vigilant During Development

Omo Onile problems don’t always end after the land purchase. During development, they might demand fees for permits, such as:

• Foundation laying

• Roof construction

• Fencing

To minimize this, involve community leaders, secure local security, and consult legal advisors for advice on how to deal with such demands.

9. Work with Trusted Real Estate Companies

One of the easiest ways to avoid Omo Onile issues is by purchasing land from reputable real estate companies. These companies often have already cleared disputes and obtained all necessary documentation. Ensure the company has a proven track record and reviews from other buyers.

10. Secure Your Land Immediately

Once you acquire land, take steps to assert your ownership:

• Fence the land to demarcate boundaries.

• Display a sign indicating ownership, such as “This Property Belongs to [Your Name]. Trespassers Will Be Prosecuted.”

• Install security measures like surveillance cameras if the land is in a vulnerable location.

Conclusion

Dealing with Omo Onile issues requires diligence, preparation, and legal guidance. By following these steps, you can minimize the risk of being a victim of land grabbing or extortion. Remember, the cost of due diligence is always cheaper than the cost of resolving disputes. Stay informed, involve professionals, and make well-informed decisions to secure your investment.

Have you encountered Omo Onile issues before? Share your experiences or questions in the comments below!